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Different countries are making proactive efforts to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide, one of the main causes of global warming.

The construction of a large-scale hydroelectric power station started with five years as a term in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, last May. The completion of the station will reportedly go a long way towards achieving the government's goal to eliminate carbon dioxide emissions before 2060.

Earlier, a groundbreaking ceremony took place in Kazakhstan for the construction of a large wind power plant. Its completion is said to enable the country to annually cut over 3.2 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.

In Pakistan, electricity output based on clean energy, including hydropower, wind power, solar heat and nuclear energy, accounts for about 55 percent of the total national power production at present, and it is said that the country plans to increase the proportion to 90 percent by 2035. 

Research efforts are also being intensified to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

A double-sided solar panel has been developed to be widely introduced. Unlike the previous single-sided one, it can also be installed vertically, greatly reducing the installing area and making it possible to produce more electricity in the same area.

Research for breeding and cultivating a new crop variety capable of storing a lot of carbon dioxide in its roots has also been conducted by combining genome editing technology and traditional horticulture. This crop can reportedly reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 46% every year.

Researchers of a country newly developed aluminium formate to remove carbon dioxide from the exhaust gases from the chimneys of thermal power stations. It is said to be highly efficient, as it effectively removes carbon dioxide, has great thermal stability, preserves its structure in air and solvents and even in corrosive medium and is easy to make and low in cost.

A research group developed a photocatalyst which converts carbon dioxide and plastics into such useful chemicals as methane at the same time by using sunlight.

The photocatalyst simultaneously converts them into useful chemicals with light energy alone. This technology helps reduce carbon dioxide emissions and is expected to be applicable to the dissolving of plastic particles that pollute the environment.

Researchers of another country developed a method of making recycled concrete by adding ordinary cement or pulverized limestone to the new thermoactive cement, which is obtained by calcinating powdered concrete waste at a temperature of 500°C, in the proportion of about 20 percent. According to the researchers, this method can reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the cement industry to 61 percent.